This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the International Dagstuhl-Seminar on Efficient Algorithms for Global Optimization Methods in Computer Vision, held in Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, in November 2011. The 8 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected by 12 lectures given at the seminar. The seminar focused on the entire algorithmic development pipeline for global optimization problems in computer vision: modelling, mathematical analysis, numerical solvers and parallelization. In particular, the goal of the seminar was to bring together researchers from all four fields to analyze and discuss the connections between the different stages of the algorithmic design pipeline.