Workers without frontiers : the impact of globalization on international migration

This analysis for the International Labour Office (ILO), Geneva, Switzerland, studies how globalization affects the mobility of workers and whether existing labor institutions can safety-net their rights. After examining globalization in a socioeconomic context and modern migration patterns, the author concludes that present trends augur even greater migration pressures due to the disruptive impact of differential capitalist development and media's lubrication of the flow. Tables and figures show demographic and economic aspects of emigration and immigration. Includes a foreword by an ILO director.

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The title of this book is a little misleading given that formidable legal barriers to immigration still exist in most countries. Stalker, author of a related book, The Work of Strangers: A Survey of International Labour Migration (CH, Apr'95), covers the major issues and concerns one would expect on this topic, focusing primarily on the impact of globalization on international migration. Topics covered include changes in migration, especially since WW II, reasons for migration, wage disparities across countries, and how international migration affects wages. Stalker also discusses the possibility of international flows of goods and capital substituting for that of labor, and he addresses such topics as the brain drain and migration networks. This small volume covers these many issues briefly; the content on any one topic, while current with the literature, lacks depth. Every chapter is extensively footnoted, and there is an 11-page bibliography. Thus this book can best serve as an introduction to the multifaceted topic of international labor migration, but it does not live up to the statement expressed in the foreword that it fills a major gap in the literature on globalization and labor mobility. Interdisciplinary in scope, this work is appropriate for public, academic, and professional library collections. J. E. Weaver; Drake University

Werner Sengenberger

List of Illustrations	p. ix
Foreword	p. xi
1 Globalization in Perspective	p. 1
What Is Globalization?	p. 2
Globalization in History	p. 3
A Global Consciousness	p. 6
The Modern Era	p. 8
The Retreat of the State	p. 9
Conclusion	p. 10
2 Convergence and Divergence	p. 11
The First Era of Convergence--Europe Catches Up	p. 11
The Second Era of Convergence--Barriers Fall in Europe	p. 14
Divergence Between OECD Countries and the Rest of the World	p. 17
Conclusion	p. 18
3 The New Age of Migration	p. 21
International Wage Disparities	p. 21
Modern Migration Patterns	p. 26
Conclusion	p. 33
4 Sending Goods Instead of People	p. 35
The Real World	p. 35
The New, New Economic Order	p. 36
The Effect of Trade on Overall Employment in Industrial Countries	p. 38
The Effect of Trade on Immigrant Employment in Industrial Countries	p. 41
The Impact of Free Trade on Emigration	p. 47
Export-Led Growth to Keep Immigrants at Home	p. 51
Links Between Industrial-Country Exports and Immigration	p. 56
Conclusion	p. 57
5 Capital to Workers, Not Workers to Capital	p. 59
Equity and Debt	p. 59
Foreign Direct Investment	p. 64
Export-Processing Zones	p. 69
Conclusion	p. 72
6 Reducing International Wage Disparities Through Migration	p. 75
The Effect of Emigration on Sending Countries	p. 75
The Effect of Immigration on Labor Markets in Receiving Countries	p. 82
The Effect of Immigration on Economic Growth	p. 90
Conclusion	p. 91
7 The Shock of the New	p. 93
Political Disruption	p. 95
Economic Disruption	p. 98
Social Disruption	p. 100
The Migration Hump	p. 103
Conclusion	p. 103
8 The International Skill Exchange	p. 107
The Brain Drain	p. 107
The Globalization of Education	p. 108
Transnational Employers	p. 109
Return Migration	p. 112
The New Skill Exchange	p. 113
Conclusion	p. 114
9 Lubricating the Flow	p. 117
Messages from the Media	p. 117
Telecommunications and Transportation	p. 118
Migrant Networks	p. 120
The Migration Industry	p. 122
Conclusion	p. 128
10 The Demand for Immigrants	p. 131
The Persistence of the Dual Labor Market	p. 132
The Demographic Factor	p. 135
Conclusion	p. 137
11 A Question of Time	p. 139
Bibliography	p. 141
Index	p. 153
About the Book	p. 163

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