Foreword / The Ideology of Precapitalist Europe -- Ancient Greek and Roman Slavery -- Feudalism -- The Christian Paternalistic Ethic -- The Anticapitalist Nature of Feudal Ideology -- The Transition to Early Capitalism and the Beginnings of the Mercantilist View -- Definition of Capitalism -- Changes in Technology -- The Increase in Long-Distance Trade -- The Putting-Out System and the Birth of Capitalist Industry -- The Decline of the Manorial System -- The Creation of the Working Class -- Other Forces in the Transition to Capitalism -- Mercantilism: Feudal Paternalism in Early Capitalism -- The Conflict in Mercantilist Thought -- The Medieval Origins of Mercantilist Policies -- The Secularization of Church Functions -- The Rise of Individualism -- Protestantism and the Individualist Ethic -- The Economic Policies of Individualism -- Classical Liberalism and the Triumph of Industrial Capitalism -- The Industrial Revolution -- The Rise of Classical Liberalism -- Classical Liberalism and Industrialization -- Socialist Protest Amid the Industrial Revolution -- The Social Costs of the Industrial Revolution -- Liberal Social Legislation -- Socialism Within the Classical Liberal Tradition -- William Thompson and the Rejection of Classical Liberalism -- The Paternalistic Socialism of Robert Owen -- Other Important Pre-Marxist Socialists -- Marx's Conception of Capitalism -- Historical Materialism -- The Market -- The Class Structure of Capitalism -- Marx's View of Private Property -- Marx's View of Capital.