Robert B. WallaceCarl W. Tyler, Jr. and John M. LastJohn M. LastCarl W. Tyler, Jr. and Charles W. WarrenAndrew Friede and Patrick W. O'CarrollRichard P. WenzelSteven M. Ostroff and James H. HughesJay S. KeystoneLewis H. Kuller and Lee H. HarrisonWalter A. Orenstein and Stephen C. Redd and Lauri E. Markowitz and Alan R. HinmanMelinda WhartonSusan E. ReefPeter M. Strebel and Dayla Guris and Steven G.F. WassilakD. Rebecca Prevots and Roland W. SutterCharles VitekBradley N. DoebbelingCarl B. LeBuhn and Bradley N. DoebbelingJay D. Wenger and David W. Fraser and Claire V. BroomeJane F. Seward and Melinda WhartonRoland W. Sutter and Stephen L. CochiWillard Cates, Jr. and King K. HolmesD. Peter Drotman and James W. CurranArnold S. MontoHarold S. MargolisJeffrey L. MeierJeffrey L. MeierRichard J. WhitleyJames F. Bale, Jr.Arnold S. MontoJulius SchachterJulius SchachterLeon GordisBradley A. Perkins and Jay D. WengerDouglas B. HornickKenrad E. NelsonJonathan H. Mermin and Eric D. MintzJeremy Sobel and Eric D. MintzRobert E. BlackRobert E. BlackM. Patricia QuinliskRobert F. Breiman and Jay C. ButlerJonathan I. RavdinMary E. WilsonDonald R. HopkinsJudy A. StreitS. Benson WernerBradley N. DoebbelingRobert E. Shope and Theodore F. TsaiJames W. LeDucBradley N. DoebbelingRobert B. Craven and David T. DennisS. Patrick Kachur and Peter B. BlolandDavid T. DennisLouis V. KirchhoffMary E. WilsonAmy D. KlionDenny G. ConstantineJulius SchachterDavid T. DennisRichard A. Spiegel and Arnold F. KaufmannRichard A. Spiegel and Arnold F. KaufmannArnold F. Kaufmann and Bradley A. PerkinsCindy R. Friedman and Laurence SlutskerRobert G. Yaeger and Jack K. FrenkelK. Darwin Murrell and Fabrizio BruschiLeo X. LiuJohn H. CrossKenrad E. NelsonKenrad E. NelsonRobert L. Rausch and John H. Cross and Alan W. CrossPeter M. Schantz and Robert L. RauschMichael A. PfallerStephan A. BillsteinLaverne K. EvelandMark R. Wallace and Shannon D. PutnamAmy D. KlionArthur L. ReingoldRobert B. WallaceArthur L. FrankMichael GochfeldNancy Fiedler and Joanna Burger and Michael GochfeldMichael Gochfeld and Joanna BurgerEllen K. SilbergeldPaul W. Brandt-RaufKaye H. KilburnGregory R. Wagner and Michael D. Attfield and James A. MerchantStephen M. Levin and Ruth LilisPhilippe GrandjeanStephen M. Levin and Ruth LilisJames HuffAlf Fischbein and Mary S. Wolff and George BekesiYoshito Masuda and Arnold J. SchecterMark R. CullenKaye H. KilburnMarion MosesEdwin M. KilbourneArthur C. UptonArthur L. Frank and Louis SlesinAage R. MollerW. Monroe Keyserling and Thomas J. ArmstrongRobert F. HerrickLarry J. FeinNancy R. Mudrick and Robert J. Weber and Margaret A. TurkHoward Frumkin and E. Darryl WalkerValerie A. WilkKaren MessingPhilip J. Landrigan and Susan H. Pollack and Renate Belville and James GodboldHoward FrumkinEula BinghamDouglas L. Marshall and James S. DicksonJohn B. ConwayWilliam A. SukRoy L. DeHartJohn M. LastJohn M. LastS. Leonard Syme and Jennifer L. BalfourKristi J. FergusonJonathan E. Fielding and Corinne G. Husten and Michael P. EriksenBrian L. Cook and J. Alberto AbreuC. Roberts Schuster and M. Marlyne KilbeyJohn E. FergusonLawrence W. GreenRobert B. WallaceDiana C. Farrow and David B. ThomasRussell V. LuepkerDarwin R. LabartheRebecca L. HegemanTrevor J. Orchard and Ronald E. LaPorte and Janice S. DormanDavid B. Coultas and Jonathan M. SametCedric F. Garland and Frank C. Garland and Edward D. GorhamJennifer L. KelseyJames C. Torner and Robert B. WallaceDawn M. Oh and Kean T. OhEvelyn J. BrometMaureen S. Durkin and Nicole Schupf and Zena A. Stein and Mervyn W. SusserWilliam H. BarkerPatricia A. Baird and Charles R. ScriverMarion NestleR. Gary RozierF. Douglas Scutchfield and Steven J. WilliamsF. Douglas Scutchfield and C. William KeckJohn M. LastEdward P. Richards, III and Katharine C. RathbunJ. Michael PeddecordJohn C. LammersHelen H. SchaufflerRichard S. KurzThomas G. RundallScott R. Lillibridge and Trueman W. SharpAlan W. CrossJonathan B. WeisbuchLlewellyn J. LegtersKristine M. GebbieCarl W. Tyler, Jr. and Herbert B. PetersonJess F. Kraus and Corinne Peek-Asa and Dushyanthi VimalachandraMark L. Rosenberg and James A. Mercy and Joseph L. AnnestMark L. Rosenberg and James A. Mercy and W. Rodney HammondEvan Stark and Anne H. FlitcraftJudith M. Von and Dean G. Kilpatrick and Ann W. Burgess and Carol B. HartmanEli H. NewbergerDavid FinkelhorKarl Pillemer and Rosalie S. WolfLloyd B. Potter and Patrick W. O'Carroll

Acknowledgments	p. xxvi
Preface	p. xxvii
Historical Note	p. xxviii
Section I Public Health Methods	p. 1
1 Public Health and Preventive Medicine: Trends and Guideposts	p. 3
2 Epidemiology	p. 5
3 Ethics and Public Health Policy	p. 35
4 Public Health and Population	p. 45
5 Public Health Informatics	p. 59
Section II Communicable Diseases	p. 67
6 Control of Communicable Diseases	p. 69
A. Overview	p. 69
B. Emerging Infectious Diseases	p. 71
C. Health Advice for International Travel	p. 75
D. Infectious and Chronic Disease Epidemiology: The Distinction Wanes	p. 80
7 Diseases Controlled Primarily by Vaccination	p. 89
A. Measles	p. 89
B. Mumps	p. 93
C. Rubella	p. 95
D. Pertussis	p. 98
E. Tetanus	p. 102
F. Diphtheria	p. 105
G. Influenza	p. 107
H. Pneumococcal Infections	p. 112
I. Haemophilus Influenzae Infections	p. 116
J. Varicella and Herpes Zoster	p. 117
K. Poliomyelitis	p. 123
8 Sexually Transmitted Diseases	p. 137
A. Epidemiology and Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	p. 156
9 Diseases Spread by Close Personal Contact	p. 169
A. Acute Respiratory Infections	p. 169
B. Viral Hepatitis	p. 174
C. Aseptic Meningitis and Enteroviral Infections	p. 188
D. Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis	p. 189
E. Herpes Simplex Virus	p. 191
F. Cytomegalovirus Infections	p. 194
G. Acute Gastrointestinal Infections	p. 195
H. Trachoma and Inclusion Conjunctivitis	p. 197
I. Chlamydial Pneumonia	p. 199
J. Streptococcal Disease	p. 199
K. Meningococcal Disease	p. 206
L. Tuberculosis	p. 208
M. Leprosy	p. 217
10 Diseases Spread by Food and Water	p. 237
A. Typhoid Fever	p. 237
B. Shigellosis	p. 239
C. Cholera	p. 240
D. Escherichia Coli Diarrhea	p. 243
E. Yersiniosis	p. 245
F. Legionellosis	p. 246
G. Amebiasis and Amebic Meningoenchephalitis	p. 248
H. Giardiasis	p. 252
I. Dracunculiasis	p. 254
J. Human Enteric Coccidial Infections	p. 255
11 Food Poisoning	p. 263
12 Control of Infections in Institutions Nosocomial Infections	p. 273
13 Diseases Transmitted Primarily by Arthropod Vectors	p. 281
A. Viral Infections	p. 281
B. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers	p. 296
C. Rickettsial Infections	p. 304
D. Plague	p. 309
E. Malaria	p. 313
F. Lyme Disease	p. 327
G. Trypanosomiasis	p. 332
H. Leishmaniasis	p. 334
I. Lymphatic Filariasis	p. 337
14 Diseases Transmitted Primarily from Animals to Humans (Zoonoses)	p. 349
1. Viruses	p. 349
A. Rabies	p. 349
2. Bacteria	p. 353
A. Psittacosis	p. 353
B. Tularemia	p. 354
C. Anthrax	p. 357
D. Brucellosis	p. 359
E. Leptospirosis	p. 360
F. Salmonellosis	p. 362
3. Protozoa	p. 364
A. Toxoplasmosis	p. 364
4. Helminths	p. 367
A. Trichinellosis	p. 367
B. Larva Migrans Syndromes	p. 370
5. Liver, Lung, and Intestinal Trematodes	p. 372
A. Fascioliasis and Paragonimiasis	p. 372
B. Clonorchiasis and Opisthorchiasis	p. 374
6. Cestode Infections	p. 375
A. Taeniasis and Cystocercosis	p. 375
B. Other Cestodiases and Diphyllobothriases	p. 377
C. Hydatid Disease (Echinococcosis)	p. 378
15 Opportunistic Fungal Infections	p. 387
16 Other Infection-Related Diseases of Public Health Import	p. 393
A. Dermatophytes	p. 393
B. Hookworm Disease: Ancylostomiasis, Necatoriasis, Uncinariasis	p. 395
C. Other Intestinal Nematodes	p. 397
D. Schistosomiasis	p. 401
E. Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome	p. 404
F. Reye's Syndrome	p. 406
Section III Environmental Health	p. 411
17 The Status of Environmental Health	p. 413
18 Toxicology	p. 415
A. Principles of Toxicology	p. 415
B. Neurobehavioral Toxicity	p. 427
C. Environmental and Ecological Risk Assessment	p. 435
D. Risk Characterization	p. 441
E. Biomarkers	p. 445
19 Asbestos and Other Fibers	p. 459
20 Coal Workers' Lung Diseases	p. 475
21 Silicosis	p. 483
22 Health Significance of Metal Exposures	p. 493
23 Diseases Associated with Exposure to Chemical Substances	p. 509
A. Organic Compounds	p. 509
B. Carcinogenicity in Animals Predict Cancer Risks to Humans	p. 543
C. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs)	p. 551
D. Polychlorinated Dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans	p. 556
24 Multiple Chemical Sensitivities	p. 573
25 Pulmonary Responses to Gases and Particles	p. 577
26 Pesticides	p. 593
27 Illness Due to Thermal Extremes	p. 607
28 Ionizing Radiation	p. 619
29 Nonionizing Radiation	p. 627
30 Effects of the Physical Environment: Noise as a Health Hazard	p. 637
31 Ergonomics and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders	p. 645
32 Industrial Hygiene	p. 661
33 Surveillance, Monitoring, and Screening in Occupational Health	p. 669
34 Occupational Health Problems of Special Working Groups	p. 675
A. Workers with Disabilities	p. 675
B. Minority Workers and Communities	p. 682
C. Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers	p. 688
D. Women Workers	p. 693
E. Health Hazards of Child Labor	p. 697
F. Workers in the Global Economy	p. 698
35 Occupational Safety and Health Standards	p. 719
36 Ensuring Food Safety	p. 723
37 Water Quality Management	p. 737
38 Solid and Radioactive Waste Disposal	p. 765
39 Aerospace Medicine	p. 769
40 Housing and Health	p. 777
41 Human Health in a Changing World	p. 781
Section IV Behavioral Factors Affecting Health	p. 793
42 Social Determinants of Disease	p. 795
43 Health Behavior	p. 811
44 Tobacco: Health Effects and Control	p. 817
45 Alcohol-Related Health Problems	p. 847
46 Prevention of Drug Abuse	p. 861
47 Community Intervention Programs	p. 881
48 Prevention and Health Education in Clinical, School, and Community Settings	p. 889
Section V Noncommunicable and Chronic Disabling Conditions	p. 905
49 Screening for Early and Asymptomatic Conditions	p. 907
50 Cancer	p. 909
51 Heart Disease	p. 927
52 Hypertension	p. 949
53 Renal and Urinary Tract Disease	p. 959
54 Diabetes	p. 969
55 Respiratory Disease Prevention	p. 981
56 Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders	p. 991
57 Musculoskeletal Disorders	p. 1005
58 Neurological Disorders	p. 1019
59 Disabling Visual Disorders	p. 1031
60 Psychiatric Disorders	p. 1037
61 Mental Retardation	p. 1049
62 Prevention of Disability in Older Persons	p. 1059
63 Genetics and the Public Health	p. 1069
64 Nutrition in Public Health and Preventive Medicine	p. 1081
65 Dental Public Health	p. 1091
Section VI Health Care Planning, Organization, and Evaluation	p. 1113
66 The American Health Care System: Structure and Function	p. 1115
67 Structure and Function of the Public Health System in the United States	p. 1131
68 International Health	p. 1139
69 Public Health Law	p. 1147
70 Public Health Management Tools	p. 1155
A. Planning	p. 1155
B. Public Health Leadership: Current Constraints and a Vision of the Future	p. 1159
C. Policy Development	p. 1159
D. Quality Assurance and Quality Improvement	p. 1162
E. Evaluation	p. 1165
71 Categorical Public Health Sciences	p. 1169
A. Public Health Issues Associated with Disasters	p. 1169
B. Maternal and Child Health	p. 1173
C. Desmotology: The Practice of Prison Health	p. 1175
D. Preventive Medicine Support of Military Operations	p. 1181
E. Public Health Nursing	p. 1184
F. Family Planning Programs and Practices: An Epidemiological Viewpoint	p. 1187
Section VII Injury and Violence	p. 1207
72 Injury Control: The Public Health Approach	p. 1209
73 The Problem of Violence in the United States and Globally	p. 1223
A. Assaultive Violence	p. 1226
B. Woman Battering	p. 1231
C. Rape and Sexual Assault	p. 1238
D. Child Abuse	p. 1241
E. Child Sexual Abuse	p. 1243
F. Elder Abuse	p. 1246
G. Suicide	p. 1250
Index	p. 1261