Essentials of inorganic chemistry : for students of pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences and medicinal chemistry

Başlık:

Yazar:

Strohfeldt-Venables, Katja, yaz.

ISBN:

9780470665589

Ek Yazar:

Strohfeldt-Venables, Katja, yaz.

Fiziksel Tanım:

270 s. : res., tbl., şkl., grf. ; 24 cm.

Konu Terimleri:

Kimya, İnorganik -- Ders kitapları.

Chemistry, Inorganic -- Textbooks.

Mevcut:*

Library	Materyal Türü	Barkod	Yer Numarası	Durum
Searching... Pamukkale Merkez Kütüphanesi	Kitap	0082559	QD151.3 .S77 2015	Searching... Unknown

A comprehensive introduction to inorganic chemistry and, specifically, the science of metal-based drugs, Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry describes the basics of inorganic chemistry, including organometallic chemistry and radiochemistry, from a pharmaceutical perspective. Written for students of pharmacy and pharmacology, pharmaceutical sciences, medicinal chemistry and other health-care related subjects, this accessible text introduces chemical principles with relevant pharmaceutical examples rather than as stand-alone concepts, allowing students to see the relevance of this subject for their future professions. It includes exercises and case studies.

Author Notes

Katja A. Strohfeldt
School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, UK

Preface	p. xiii
About the Companion Website	p. xv
1 Introduction	p. 1
1.1 Medicinal inorganic chemistry	p. 1
1.1.1 Why use metal-based drugs?	p. 2
1.2 Basic inorganic principles	p. 3
1.2.1 Electronic structures of atoms	p. 3
1.2.2 Bonds	p. 9
1.3 Exercises	p. 17
References	p. 18
Further Reading	p. 18
2 Alkali Metals	p. 19
2.1 Alkali metal ions	p. 19
2.1.1 Extraction of alkali metals: an introduction to redox chemistry	p. 20
2.1.2 Excursus: reduction - oxidation reactions	p. 21
2.1.3 Chemical behaviour of alkali metals	p. 27
2.2 Advantages and disadvantages using lithium-based drugs	p. 29
2.2.1 Isotopes of lithium and their medicinal application	p. 29
2.2.2 Historical developments in lithium-based drugs	p. 29
2.2.3 The biology of lithium and its medicinal application	p. 30
2.2.4 Excursus: diagonal relationship and periodicity	p. 31
2.2.5 What are the pharmacological targets of lithium?	p. 33
2.2.6 Adverse effects and toxicity	p. 34
2.3 Sodium: an essential ion in the human body	p. 34
2.3.1 Osmosis	p. 35
2.3.2 Active transport of sodium ions	p. 37
2.3.3 Drugs, diet and toxicity	p. 38
2.4 Potassium and its clinical application	p. 40
2.4.1 Biological importance of potassium ions in the human body - action potential	p. 40
2.4.2 Excursus: the Nernst equation	p. 40
2.4.3 Potassium salts and their clinical application: hypokalemia	p. 42
2.4.4 Adverse effects and toxicity: hyperkalemia	p. 43
2.5 Exercises	p. 45
2.6 Case studies	p. 47
2.6.1 Lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) tablets	p. 47
2.6.2 Sodium chloride eye drops	p. 47
References	p. 48
Further Reading	p. 48
3 Alkaline Earth Metals	p. 49
3.1 Earth alkaline metal ions	p. 49
3.1.1 Major uses and extraction	p. 50
3.1.2 Chemical properties	p. 51
3.2 Beryllium and chronic beryllium disease	p. 52
3.3 Magnesium: competition to lithium?	p. 53
3.3.1 Biological importance	p. 53
3.3.2 Clinical applications and preparations	p. 54
3.4 Calcium: the key to many human functions	p. 55
3.4.1 Biological importance	p. 56
3.4.2 How does dietary calcium intake influence our lives?	p. 57
3.4.3 Calcium deficiency: osteoporosis, hypertension and weight management	p. 57
3.4.4 Renal osteodystrophy	p. 58
3.4.5 Kidney stones	p. 59
3.4.6 Clinical application	p. 59
3.4.7 Side effects	p. 63
3.5 Barium: rat poison or radio-contrast agent?
3.6 Exercises	p. 63
3.7 Case studies	p. 65
3.7.1 Magnesium hydroxide suspension	p. 55
3.7.2 Calcium carbonate tablets	p. 55
References	p. 66
Further Reading	p. 66
4 The Boron Group - Group 13	p. 57
4.1 General chemistry of group 13 elements	p. 67
4.2 Boron	p. 69
4.2.1 Introduction	p. 70
4.1.1 Extraction	p. 70
4.1.2 Chemical properties	p. 71
4.2.2 Pharmaceutical applications of boric acid	p. 71
4.2.3 Bortezomib	p. 71
4.3 Aluminium	p. 71
4.3.1 Introduction	p. 71
4.3.2 Biological importance	p. 72
4.3.3 Al 3 + and its use in water purification	p. 73
4.3.4 Aluminium-based adjuvants	p. 73
4.3.5 Antacids	p. 73
4.3.6 Aluminium-based therapeutics - alginate raft formulations	p. 75
4.3.7 Phosphate binders	p. 76
4.3.8 Antiperspirant	p. 76
4.3.9 Potential aluminium toxicity	p. 77
4.4 Gallium	p. 77
4.4.1 Introduction	p. 77
4.4.2 Chemistry	p. 77
4.4.3 Pharmacology of gallium-based, drugs	p. 78
4.4.4 Gallium nitrate - multivalent use	p. 78
4.4.5 Gallium 8-quinolinolate	p. 79
4.4.6 Gallium maltolate	p. 79
4.4.7 Toxicity and administration	p. 80
4.5 Exercises	p. 81
4.6 Case studies	p. 83
4.6.1 Boric acid - API analysis	p. 83
4.6.2 Aluminium hydroxide tablets	p. 83
References	p. 84
Further Reading	p. 84
5 The Carhon Group	p. 85
5.1 General chemistry of group 14 elements	p. 85
5.1.1 Occurrence, extraction and use of group 14 elements	p. 85
5.1.2 Oxidation states and ionisation energies	p. 87
5.1.3 Typical compounds of group 14 elements	p. 87
5.2 Silicon-based drugs versus carbon-based analogues	p. 89
5.2.1 Introduction of silicon groups	p. 90
5.2.2 Silicon isosters	p. 91
5.2.3 Organosilicon drugs	p. 93
5.3 Organogermanium compounds: balancing act between an anticancer drug and a herbal supplement	p. 94
5.3.1 Germanium sesquioxids	p. 95
5.3.2 Spirogermanium	p. 97
5.4 Exercises	p. 99
5.5 Cases studies	p. 101
5.5.1 Simethicone	p. 101
5.5.2 Germanium supplements	p. 101
References	p. 102
Further Reading	p. 102
6 Group 15 Elements	p. 103
6.1 Chemistry of group 15 elements	p. 103
6.1.1 Occurrence and extraction	p. 103
6.1.2 Physical properties	p. 104
6.1.3 Oxidation states and ionisation energy	p. 105
6.1.4 Chemical properties	p. 106
6.2 Phosphorus	p. 106
6.2.1 Adenosine phosphates: ATP, ADP and AMP	p. 107
6.2.2 Phosphate in DNA	p. 107
6.2.3 Clinical use of phosphate	p. 108
6.2.4 Drug interactions and toxicity	p. 112
6.3 Arsenic	p. 112
6.3.1 Salvarsan: the magic bullet - the start of chemotherapy	p. 113
6.3.2 Arsenic trioxide: a modem anticancer drug?	p. 116
6.4 Exercises	p. 119
6.5 Case studies	p. 121
6.5.1 Phosphate solution for rectal use	p. 121
6.5.2 Forensic test for arsenic	p. 121
References	p. 122
Further Reading	p. 122
7 Transition Metals and d-block Metal Chemistry	p. 123
7.1 What arc d-block metals?	p. 123
7.1.1 Electronic conligurations	p. 123
7.1.2 Characteristic properties	p. 124
7.1.3 Coordination numbers and geometries	p. 125
7.1.4 Crystal field theory	p. 129
7.2 Group 10: platinum anticancer agents	p. 132
7.2.1 Cisplatin	p. 134
7.2.2 Platinum anticancer agents	p. 140
7.3 Iron and ruthenium	p. 147
7.3.1 Iron	p. 148
7.3.2 Ruthenium	p. 155
7.4 The coinage metals	p. 159
7.4.1 General chemistry	p. 159
7.4.2 Copper-containing drugs	p. 160
7.4.3 Silver the future of antimicrobial agents?	p. 163
7.4.4 Gold; the fight against rheumatoid arthritis	p. 165
7.5 Group 12 elements: zinc and its role in biological systems	p. 168
7.5.1 General chemistry	p. 169
7.5.2 The role of zinc in biological systems	p. 170
7.5.3 Zinc: clinical applications and toxicity	p. 173
7.6 Exercises	p. 177
7.7 Case studies	p. 179
7.7.1 Silver nitrate solution	p. 179
7.7.2 Ferrous sulfate tablets	p. 179
7.7.3 Zinc sulfate eye drops	p. 180
References	p. 181
Further Reading	p. 181
8 Organometallic Chemistry	p. 183
8.1 Whai is organometallic chemistry?	p. 183
8.2 What are metallocencs?	p. 185
8.3 Ferrocene	p. 187
8.3.1 Ferrocene and its derivatives as biosensors	p. 188
8.3.2 Ferrocene derivatives as potential antimalarial agent	p. 189
8.3.3 Ferrocifen - a new promising agent against breast cancer?	p. 191
8.4 Titanocenes	p. 194
8.4.1 History of titanium-based anticancer agents: titanocene dichloride and budotitane	p. 195
8.4.2 Further developments of titanocenes as potential anticancer agents	p. 197
8.5 Vanadocenes	p. 200
8.5.1 Vanadocene dichloride as anticancer agents	p. 202
8.5.2 Further vanadium-based drugs: insulin mimetics	p. 203
8.6 Exercises	p. 207
8.7 Case study - titanium dioxide	p. 209
References	p. 210
Further Reading	p. 210
9 The Clinical Use of Lanthanoids	p. 211
9.1 Biology and toxicology of Lanthanoids	p. 211
9.2 The clinical use of lanthanum carbonate	p. 213
9.3 The clinical application of cerium salts	p. 214
9.4 The use of gadolinium salts as MR1 contrast agents	p. 215
9.5 Exercises	p. 219
9.6 Case study: lanthanum carbonate tablets	p. 221
References	p. 222
Further Reading	p. 222
10 Radioactive Compounds and Their Clinical Application	p. 223
10.1 What is radioactivity?	p. 223
10.1.1 The atomic structure	p. 223
10.1.2 Radioactive processes	p. 224
10.1.3 Radioactive decay	p. 224
10.1.4 Penetration potential	p. 227
10.1.5 Quantification of radioactivity	p. 227
10.2 Radiopharmaey: dispensing and protection	p. 232
10.3 Therapeutic use of radiopharmaceuticals	p. 233
10.3.1 131 Iodine: therapy for hyperthyroidism	p. 233
10.3.2 89 Strontium	p. 234
10.3.3 Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT)	p. 235
10.4 Radiopharmaceuticals for imaging	p. 235
10.4.1 99m Technetium	p. 237
10.4.2 18 Fluoridc: PET scan	p. 240
10.4.3 67 allium: PET	p. 241
10.4.4 207 Thallium	p. 242
10.5 Exercises	p. 245
10.6 Case studies	p. 247
10.6.1 A sample containing 99m Tc was found to have a radioactivity of 15 mCi at 8 a.m. when the sample was tested.	p. 247
10.6.2 A typical intravenous dose of 99m Tc-albumin used for lung imaging contains a radioactivity of 4 mCi	p. 247
10.6.3 Develop a quick-reference radioactive decay chart for 131 I	p. 247
References	p. 248
Further Reading	p. 248
11 Chelation Therapy	p. 249
11.1 What is heavy-metal poisoning?	p. 249
11.2 What is chelation?	p. 250
11.3 Chelation therapy	p. 252
11.3.1 Calcium disodium edetate	p. 252
11.3.2 Dimercaprol (BAL)	p. 253
11.3.3 Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)	p. 254
11.3.4 2,3-Dimercapto-l-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS)	p. 254
11.3.5 Lipoic acid (ALA)	p. 254
11.4 Exercises	p. 257
11.5 Case studies	p. 259
11.5.1 Disodium edetate	p. 259
11.5.2 Dimercaprol	p. 259
References	p. 261
Further Reading	p. 261
Index	p. 263

Mevcut:*

Bound With These Titles

On Order

Özet

Özet

Author Notes

Table of Contents