Understanding the political world : a comparative introduction to political science

Başlık:

Yazar:

Danziger, James N.

ISBN:

9780801332968

Ek Yazar:

Danziger, James N.

Edition:

5th ed.

Yayım Bilgisi:

New York : Longman, c2001.

Fiziksel Tanım:

xxi, 487 p. : ill., map ; 24 cm.

Konu Terimleri:

Political science.

Siyasal bilim

Mevcut:*

Library	Materyal Türü	Barkod	Yer Numarası	Durum
Searching... Pamukkale Merkez Kütüphanesi	Kitap	0019679	JA66.D36 2001	Searching... Unknown

Understanding the Political World is a dynamic and accessible introduction to the fascinating world of politics and the ways in which political scientists attempt to describe and explain it. Using a strong comparative framework, the text links the central analytical concepts of political science that have emerged over decades of research to the realities of the political world of the early 21st century. With a highly-praised art program and lively boxed features, Understanding the Political World engages students as it encourages them to think like political scientists. The Fifth Edition has been thoroughly updated so that students have the information and tools they need to think about the challenges and opportunities facing our world today. *New - Discussions of the powerful impacts of nation-based identity and ethnonationalism throughout the book (Chs. 5, 11, 14). *New - Discussions of recent economic, political and social changes, both positive and negative, in the post-Communist developed countries are analyzed (Ch.15). *New - Chapter 14 The Developing Countries focuses more explicitly on the challenges generated by the globalization of political and economic institutions. *

Boxed Features	p. xiii
Preface	p. xv
To the Reader	p. xix
About the Author	p. xxi
Part 1 On Knowing the Political World	p. 1
Chapter 1 Politics and Knowledge	p. 3
On Politics	p. 3
Types of Political Knowledge	p. 5
Description	p. 6
Explanation	p. 7
Prescription	p. 8
Sources of Political Knowledge	p. 8
Authority	p. 8
Personal Thought	p. 12
Science	p. 13
Political Science	p. 13
Political "Science"?	p. 17
Criticisms of Political Science as a "Science"	p. 17
Political Science as a Means of Understanding the Political World	p. 19
Where Is This Book Going?	p. 20
For Further Consideration	p. 21
For Further Reading	p. 21
Part 2 Political Behavior	p. 23
Chapter 2 Political Beliefs	p. 25
Individual Political Beliefs	p. 25
Belief Systems	p. 27
Belief Systems among Mass Publics	p. 28
Belief Systems among Elites	p. 30
Political Culture	p. 31
National Character Studies	p. 31
Survey Research	p. 32
Political Ideology	p. 33
Key Issues	p. 35
Conservatism	p. 36
Classical Liberalism	p. 37
Socialism	p. 39
Some Further Points about "Isms"	p. 41
Looking Ahead	p. 44
For Further Consideration	p. 44
For Further Reading	p. 44
Chapter 3 Political Actions	p. 47
Individual Political Actions	p. 48
Modes of Political Activity	p. 48
Political Activists	p. 49
Political Participation Studies	p. 51
Group Political Actions	p. 54
Political Interest Groups	p. 55
Activities of Political Interest Groups	p. 55
Constraints on a Group's Behavior	p. 58
Types of Interest Groups	p. 59
Political Parties	p. 61
Activities of Political Parties	p. 61
Doing Politics	p. 65
For Further Consideration	p. 65
For Further Reading	p. 69
Chapter 4 Influences on Beliefs and Actions	p. 71
The Environment	p. 72
Agents of Political Socialization	p. 75
The Family	p. 75
The Schools	p. 76
Peer Groups	p. 78
The Media and Culture	p. 78
Events	p. 84
Personal Traits	p. 85
Political "Personality"	p. 87
Personality	p. 89
Human Nature	p. 94
Concluding Observations	p. 95
For Further Consideration	p. 97
For Further Reading	p. 98
Part 3 Political Systems	p. 99
Chapter 5 States and Nations	p. 101
The State	p. 101
A Legal Definition	p. 102
A Structural-Functional Definition	p. 103
The Domain of State Action	p. 106
The Nation	p. 107
The Political System	p. 112
Systems in General	p. 112
The Political System Defined	p. 112
Conceptualization of the Political System	p. 116
System Persistence	p. 119
The Utility of the Political Systems Approach	p. 120
Three Major Concepts: A Reprise	p. 123
For Further Consideration	p. 124
For Further Reading	p. 124
Chapter 6 Political Institutions I: Structures	p. 127
The Legislature	p. 128
Roles of the Legislature	p. 128
Structural Arrangements	p. 131
The Decline of Legislatures	p. 132
Executives	p. 136
Roles of Executives	p. 136
Structural Arrangements	p. 138
The Age of the Executive?	p. 140
The Administration	p. 140
Bureaucracy as One Form of Administration	p. 140
Administrative Functions and Power	p. 141
The Judiciary	p. 144
Aspects of Adjudication	p. 144
Judicial Structures	p. 145
Concluding Observations	p. 147
For Further Consideration	p. 147
For Further Reading	p. 148
Chapter 7 Political Institutions II: Institutional Arrangements	p. 151
Broad Taxonomies	p. 152
Democracies and Nondemocracies	p. 152
Defining Democracy	p. 153
Defining Nondemocracies	p. 156
A Democracy-Nondemocracy Continuum	p. 160
Constitutional and Nonconstitutional Regimes	p. 163
Constitutions	p. 163
Constitutional Regimes	p. 165
Nonconstitutional Regimes	p. 166
A Real Distribution of Power	p. 166
Unitary State	p. 166
Federation	p. 167
Confederation	p. 168
Forms of Executive-Legislative Relations	p. 168
Presidential Government	p. 169
Parliamentary (Cabinet) Government	p. 170
Hybrid Systems	p. 172
Council Systems	p. 173
Assembly Systems	p. 174
Which Form Is Optimal?	p. 175
Political Party Systems	p. 175
Two-Party Systems	p. 175
Multiparty Systems	p. 178
Dominant-Party Systems	p. 179
One-Party Systems	p. 180
No-Party Systems	p. 180
Classification and Clarity	p. 181
For Further Consideration	p. 182
For Further Reading	p. 182
Chapter 8 Political Economy	p. 185
Politics and Economics	p. 185
A Political-Economic Framework	p. 186
Factors, Firms, and Households/Consumers	p. 186
Getting and Spending	p. 189
The State (and the World) Join In	p. 190
Two Ideal-Type Political Economies	p. 191
The Market Economy: Total Private Control	p. 194
The Command Economy: Total State Control	p. 196
Key Problems for Each Ideal-Type Political Economy	p. 197
Market Economy	p. 197
Command Economy	p. 199
The Mixed Economy	p. 200
Politics Plus Political Economy: The Other "Isms"	p. 201
The Three "Isms"	p. 201
The Real World	p. 202
Concluding Observations	p. 206
For Further Consideration	p. 207
For Further Reading	p. 207
Part 4 Political Processes	p. 209
Chapter 9 Politics as a Value Allocation Process	p. 211
The Elite Approach	p. 212
Key Concepts	p. 212
Major Theorists	p. 213
The Value Allocation Process	p. 213
The Prevalence of Elite-based Political Systems	p. 214
The Class Approach	p. 215
The Group Approach	p. 219
The Three Approaches Compared	p. 225
Which Approach Is Correct?	p. 225
Essential Similarities and Differences	p. 227
For Further Consideration	p. 228
For Further Reading	p. 228
Chapter 10 Change and Political Development	p. 231
Change	p. 232
Development	p. 233
Characteristics of "More Developed" Social Systems	p. 233
The Process of Development	p. 235
The Dynamics of Economic Development	p. 240
Political Development	p. 244
Characteristics of Political Development	p. 244
The Process of Political Development	p. 245
Political Development as Democratization	p. 247
Political Institutionalization and Political Decay	p. 250
Achieving Political Development	p. 253
For Further Consideration	p. 254
For Further Reading	p. 255
Chapter 11 Political Violence	p. 257
Violence	p. 258
Political Society	p. 259
Types of Political Violence	p. 259
State Violence against Individuals or Groups	p. 260
Individual Violence against an Individual	p. 261
Group Violence against an Individual	p. 262
Group Violence against a Group	p. 265
Individual or Group Violence against the State	p. 267
Evaluating Political Violence: Means and Ends	p. 275
For Further Consideration	p. 276
For Further Reading	p. 277
Part 5 Politics Among States	p. 279
Chapter 12 Politics between States	p. 281
The Goals of States	p. 282
Realist and Idealist Perspectives on the State's "Motives"	p. 282
Major Goals	p. 283
Mechanisms of Cooperation between States	p. 285
Diplomacy and Interstate Agreements	p. 285
International Law	p. 286
International Organizations	p. 289
Competition among States	p. 292
Balance of Power	p. 292
Balance of Terror	p. 293
Domination and Dependence	p. 294
Competition in the Post-Cold War World	p. 298
Violence between States	p. 299
Threat of Force	p. 301
Display of Force	p. 301
Use of Force	p. 301
War	p. 302
What Causes War?	p. 305
Is War Justifiable?	p. 306
For Further Consideration	p. 307
For Further Reading	p. 308
Chapter 13 The Developed Countries	p. 311
An Introduction to the Next Three Chapters: Grouping the States in the Contemporary World	p. 311
The Developed Countries	p. 312
The Developing Countries	p. 313
The Transitional Developed Countries	p. 313
Images of the Developed Countries	p. 316
Political Culture	p. 317
Goal: Prosperity	p. 319
Mixed Economy	p. 319
Performance	p. 322
Challenges	p. 323
Goal: Stability	p. 328
Political Institutionalization	p. 329
Order Maintenance	p. 331
Challenges to Stability	p. 332
Goal: Security	p. 335
The Era of Colonialism	p. 335
The Cold War Period	p. 335
Challenges to Security in the Post-Cold War Period	p. 337
The Developed Countries Overall	p. 338
For Further Consideration	p. 339
For Further Reading	p. 340
Chapter 14 The Developing Countries	p. 343
Third World Images	p. 343
Developmental Classification	p. 343
Regional Classification	p. 344
Goal: Prosperity	p. 348
Obstacles to Prosperity	p. 349
Strategies for Prosperity	p. 353
Overall Performance	p. 357
Prognosis	p. 364
Goal: Security	p. 365
Interstate Violence	p. 365
Economic Security	p. 368
Goal: Stability	p. 369
Challenges to Political System Effectiveness	p. 369
The Decline of Political Order	p. 371
Democratization	p. 374
Political Approaches	p. 376
Concluding Observations: It's Got to Get Better(?)	p. 383
For Further Consideration	p. 384
For Further Reading	p. 384
Chapter 15 The Transitional Developed Countries	p. 387
The Post-Communist Developed Countries	p. 387
Political Culture	p. 389
Under Communism	p. 389
Post-Communism	p. 390
Goal: Prosperity	p. 391
Under Communism	p. 391
Post-Communism	p. 391
Goal: Stability	p. 398
Under Communism	p. 398
Post-Communism	p. 401
Goal: Security	p. 407
Under Communism	p. 407
Post-Communism	p. 408
The Newly Industrializing Countries	p. 409
Political Culture	p. 409
Goal: Prosperity	p. 411
Goal: Stability	p. 414
Goal: Security	p. 420
The Future of the Transitional Developed Countries	p. 421
For Further Consideration	p. 422
For Further Reading	p. 423
Chapter 16 The Last Chapter: Looking Backward, Looking Forward	p. 425
Political Outputs	p. 425
Political Structures	p. 427
Political Processes	p. 427
Political Change	p. 428
Direction	p. 428
Rate	p. 428
Controllability	p. 429
Into the Twenty-first Century: Understanding and Action	p. 429
Challenge 1 The Quest for Harmony with Our Technology	p. 429
Challenge 2 The Quest for Harmony with Planet Earth	p. 430
Challenge 3 The Quest for Harmony with One Another	p. 431
Choosing a Future	p. 436
Appendix Political Analysis	p. 439
Glossary	p. 452
References	p. 464
Selected Internet Sites	p. 479
Credits	p. 482
Index	p. 483

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